The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) has held 34 regular summits since it was founded in May 1981 in Abu Dhabi.
May 1981 – Abu Dhabi
The GCC stressed that stability in the Gulf was linked to peace in the Middle East and Palestine in particular.
November 1981 – Riyadh
The GCC signed the first economic agreement aimed at abolishing barriers between member countries
1982 – Manama
The establishment of the Gulf Investment Foundation, with a capital of $2 billion
1983 – Doha
The GCC discussed political links and defence coordination between member states
1984 – Kuwait
The GCC approved the framework that organises ownership right for citizens in member states
1985 – Muscat
The GCC approved the strategic vision of defence cooperation between member states
1986 – Abu Dhabi
The GCC approved cooperation and coordination in security and communication fields
1987 – Riyadh
The GCC approved an oil-lending system between members and set negotiation mechanisms with international economic groups
1988 – Manama
GCC citizens allowed to own stocks in shareholding firms
1989 – Muscat
The GCC discussed the situation in the occupied Arab territories and the Palestinian Intifada fallout
1990 – Doha
The GCC discussed the Iraqi aggression on Kuwait and the threat to member states’ security
1991 – Kuwait
The GCC called on Iraq to release prisoners of war, demarcate borders and pay indemnities
1992 – Abu Dhabi
The council discussed Serbian aggression against Bosnia and Herzegovina and attacks on Muslim places of worship in India
1993 – Riyadh
The GCC welcomed the signing of the Declaration of Principles between the PLO and Israel as a first step towards a full and fair solution to the Palestinian issue
1994 – Manama
The GCC discussed violence and extremism, affirming the necessity to highlight the genuine image of Islam
1995 – Muscat
The GCC discussed the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMDs) in the Middle East, including the Gulf.
1996 – Doha
The GCC discussed decisions by the ministerial committees in the areas of economy, security and military affairs.
1997 – Kuwait
The GCC adopted three systems to protect the environment
1998 – Abu Dhabi
The Lockerbie affair was a priority on the GCC agenda. It called on all concerned parties to respond to diplomatic initiative
1999 – Riyadh
The GCC suggested transforming its alliance into a united Gulf economic entity in order to deal with economic globalisation
2000 – Manama
The GCC adopted the common monetary policy for its member states as a first step towards achieving the unified economic agreement
2001 – Muscat
The GCC decided to implement the customs union in January 2003
2002 – Doha
Follow-up deliberations on the enforcement schedule of monetary union and setting the US dollar as a common anchor for the GCC countries
2003 – Kuwait
The GCC tasked the transport ministerial committee with setting up an economic feasibility study to establish a railway network linking the six GCC states
2004 – Manama (Zayed Summit)
The GCC mourned UAE President His Highness Shaikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan
2005 – Riyadh (King Fahd Summit)
The GCC mourned the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Fahd Bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud
2006 – Riyadh (Shaikh Jaber Summit)
The GCC mourned Kuwait Emir Shaikh Jaber Al Ahmad Al Jaber Al Sabah. It framed Trademarks Laws
2007 – Doha
The GCC announced the launch of the GCC Common Market, starting in January 2008
2008 – Muscat
The GCC discussed the world financial crisis and measures to be taken to limit its negative effects on the GCC economies.
2009 – Kuwait
The GCC adopted the recommendations of justice ministers to strengthen common justice cooperation and the unified system for real estate registration
2010 – Abu Dhabi
The GCC adopted the extension of insurance protection to military forces
2011 – Riyadh
The GCC tasked the Advisory Commission with a study on the need to transform the alliance into a Gulf Confederation
2012 – Manama
The GCC approved the decision taken by the Joint Defence Council and the establishment of a joint military command
2013 – Kuwait
The GCC decided to form a joint military command and a Gulf academy for security and strategic studies
— With inputs from Qatar News Agency